KENTUCKY State Standards

MA-8-NPO-U-1 numbers, ways of representing numbers, relationships among numbers and number systems are means of representing real-world quantities.

MA-8-NPO-S-NS1 continue to develop number sense to include irrational numbers (e.g., square roots, cube roots, pi)

MA-8-NPO-S-NS2 provide examples of, describe and compare irrational and rational numbers (e.g., magnitude, order on a number line, scientific notation, very large and very small integers, numbers close to zero)

MA-8-NPO-S-NS3 describe and provide multiple representations of numbers (rational, square roots, cube roots and ?) in a variety of equivalent forms using models, diagrams and symbols based on real-world and/or mathematical situations

MA-8-NPO-U-2 meanings of and relationships among operations provide tools necessary to solve realistic problems encountered in everyday life.

MA-8-NPO-S-NO1 add, subtract, multiply, divide and apply order of operations (including positive whole number exponents) using rational numbers to solve real-world problems

MA-8-NPO-S-NO2 determine and explain the inverse relationship between addition and subtraction, multiplication and division, or raising to an exponent and taking the root of a number

MA-8-NPO-S-PNO1 identify and use the commutative properties, the associative properties, the identity properties and the inverse properties for addition and multiplication, the distributive property and inverse relationships to justify a given step in solving problems

MA-8-NPO-U-3 computing fluently and making reasonable estimates with fractions, decimals, percents and integers increases the ability to solve realistic problems encountered in everyday life.

MA-8-NPO-S-E1 estimate to solve real-world and/or mathematical problems with rational numbers and common irrational numbers, checking for reasonable and appropriate computational results

MA-8-NPO-S-E2 estimate with large and small quantities of objects

MA-8-NPO-U-4 proportional reasoning is a tool for modeling and solving problems encountered in everyday situations.

MA-8-NPO-S-RP1 use percentages and proportions in problem solving, including consumer applications (e.g., simple interest, percentages of increase and decrease, discounts, unit pricing, sale prices)

MA-8-NPO-S-RP2 derive and use formulas for various rates (e.g., distance/time, miles per hour)

MA-8-NPO-S-NS1 continue to develop number sense to include irrational numbers

MA-8-NPO-S-NS2 provide examples of, describe and compare irrational and rational numbers

MA-8-NPO-S-NS3 describe and provide multiple representations of numbers (rational, square roots, cube roots and ?) in a variety of equivalent forms using models, diagrams and symbols based on real-world and/or mathematical situations

MA-8-NPO-S-E1 estimate to solve real-world and/or mathematical problems with rational numbers and common irrational numbers, checking for reasonable and appropriate computational results

MA-8-NPO-S-E2 estimate with large and small quantities of objects

MA-8-NPO-S-NO1 add, subtract, multiply, divide and apply order of operations (including positive whole number exponents) using rational numbers to solve real-world problems

MA-8-NPO-S-NO2 determine and explain the inverse relationship between addition and subtraction, multiplication and division, or raising to an exponent and taking the root of a number

MA-8-NPO-S-RP1 use percentages and proportions in problem solving, including consumer applications.

MA-8-NPO-S-RP2 derive and use formulas for various rates .

MA-8-NPO-S-PNO1 identify and use the commutative properties, the associative properties, the identity properties and the inverse properties for addition and multiplication, the distributive property and inverse relationships to justify a given step in solving problems

MA-8-M-U-1 there are two major measurement systems (U.S. Customary and metric) and either may be used to solve problems.

MA-8-M-S-SM1 provide examples of and apply money, time and U.S. Customary and metric units of measurement to solve real-world problems

MA-08-2.2.1 Students will convert units within the same measurement system and use these units to solve real-world problems.

MA-8-M-U-2 measurable attributes of objects and the units, systems and processes of measurement are powerful tools for making sense of the world around them.

MA-8-M-U-3 measurements are determined by using appropriate techniques, tools, formulas and degree of accuracy needed for the situation.

MA-8-M-S-MPA1 read and use measurement tools (e.g., rulers, scales, protractors, angle rulers, CBL/CBRs)

MA-8-M-S-MPA2 estimate and find angle measures and segment measures

MA-8-M-S-MPA3 determine measures of the lengths of sides and the perimeter both regular and irregular shapes, including lengths to the nearest sixteenth of an inch or the nearest millimeter

MA-8-M-S-MPA4 determine the area of triangles and quadrilaterals

MA-8-M-S-MPA5 determine the area and circumference of circles

MA-8-M-S-MPA6 develop and apply the Pythagorean theorem

MA-8-M-S-MPA7 develop and apply formulas for volume and surface area of cubes, cylinders and right rectangular prisms; investigate relationships between and among them

MA-8-M-S-MPA8 estimate measurements in standard units in real world and/or mathematical situations

MA-8-M-S-MPA9 explain how measurements and measurement formulas are related or different (perimeter and area; rate, time and distance; circumference and area of a circle)

MA-8-G-U-1 characteristics and properties of two-dimensional figures and three-dimensional objects describe the world and are used to develop mathematical arguments about geometric relationships and to evaluate the arguments of others.

MA-8-G-S-SR1 describe and provide examples of basic geometric elements that include points, segments, rays, lines, angles and planes; use these elements in real-world and/or mathematical situations

MA-8-G-S-SR2 identify and compare properties of two-dimensional figures (circles; triangles: acute, right, obtuse, scalene, isosceles, equilateral; quadrilaterals: square, rectangle, rhombus, parallelogram, trapezoid; regular/irregular polygons); apply these properties and figures to solve real-world problems

MA-8-G-S-SR3 compare properties of three-dimensional figures (spheres, cones, cylinders, prisms, pyramids); apply these properties and figures to solve real-world problems

MA-8-G-S-SR4 provide examples of and apply congruent and similar two-dimensional figures to solve real-world problems

MA-8-G-U-2 representational systems, including coordinate geometry, are means for specifying locations and describing spatial relationships and are organizers for making sense of the world around them.

MA-8-G-S-TS4 transform figures in a coordinate plane (translations, reflections and dilations [magnifications and contractions] with the center of dilation at the origin); determine the new coordinates of the image after the transformation

MA-8-G-S-CG1 identify and graph ordered pairs on a coordinate system, identifying the origin, axes and ordered pairs; apply graphing in the coordinate system to solve real-world problems

MA-8-G-S-CG2 analyze the graph of a line to determine the slope , y-intercept and equation of the line

MA-8-G-U-3 transformations and symmetry are used to analyze real-world situations

MA-8-G-S-TS2 describe, provide examples of and apply to real-world and/or mathematical situations rotational symmetry (45?, 90?, 180?, 270?, 360?)

MA-8-G-S-TS3 rotate (clockwise or counterclockwise) shapes in a coordinate plane about the origin

MA-8-G-U-4 shape and area are conserved during mathematical transformations (flips, slides and turns). Scale conserves shape but changes size.

MA-8-G-S-SR5 apply proportional reasoning to solve problems involving scale models and real objects and scale drawings and similar two-dimensional figures

MA-8-G-S-TS1 investigate the congruence, proportionality and/or similarity of pre-images and images of dilations (e.g., enlargements, reductions) in a coordinate plane

MA-8-G-U-5 visualization, spatial reasoning and geometric relationships model real-world situations.

MA-8-G-S-SR4 provide examples of and apply congruent and similar two-dimensional figures to solve real-world problems

MA-8-G-S-SR5 apply proportional reasoning to solve problems involving scale models and real objects and scale drawings and similar two-dimensional figures

MA-8-G-S-TS2 describe, provide examples of and apply to real-world and/or mathematical situations rotational symmetry (45?, 90?, 180?, 270?, 360?)

MA-8-G-S-CG2 analyze the graph of a line to determine the slope , y-intercept and equation of the line

MA-8-DAP-U-1 quantitative literacy is a necessary tool to be an intelligent consumer and citizen.

MA-8-DAP-U-2 the collection, organization, interpretation and display of data can be used to answer questions.

MA-8-DAP-S-DR1 collect, organize, construct, analyze and make inferences from data in a variety of graphical methods (e.g., drawings, tables/charts, pictographs, bar graphs, circle graphs, line plots, Venn diagrams, line graphs, stem-and-leaf plots, scatter plots, histograms, box-and-whiskers plots)

MA-08-4.1.4 Students will:

MA-08-4.1.5 Students will construct box-and-whiskers plots.

MA-08-4.3.1 Students will explain how data gathering, bias issues, and faulty data analysis can affect the results of data collection.

MA-8-DAP-U-3 the choice of data display can affect the visual message communicated.

MA-8-DAP-S-DR2 select an appropriate graph to represent data and justify its use

MA-8-DAP-S-DR3 compare similar data from various types of graphs

MA-8-DAP-S-DR4 relate different representations of data (e.g., tables, graphs, diagrams, plots) and explain how misleading representations affect interpretations and conclusions about data

MA-8-DAP-S-ES1 explain how data gathering, bias issues or faulty data analysis can affect the results of data collection, data representation and data interpretation

MA-8-DAP-U-4 inferences and predictions from data are used to make critical and informed decisions.

MA-8-DAP-S-P1 make predictions, draw conclusions and verify results from probability experiments or simulations, making use of technology as appropriate

MA-8-DAP-U-5 for a given set of data or a graph, statistical measures (mean, median, mode, range) can be used to describe the distribution of the data.

MA-8-DAP-S-CD1 determine and interpret clusters, quartiles, gaps and outliers in data

MA-8-DAP-S-CD3 determine and interpret the mean, median, mode and range of a set of data

MA-8-DAP-S-CD4 compare sets of data

MA-8-DAP-S-CD5 explore how statistics can be interpreted in many ways

MA-8-DAP-U-6 probability can be used to make decisions or predictions or to draw conclusions.

MA-8-DAP-S-CD2 make predictions, draw conclusions and verify results from statistical data and probability experiments, making use of technology as appropriate

MA-8-DAP-S-P2 analyze situations, such as games of chance, board games or grading scales and make predictions using knowledge of probability

MA-8-DAP-S-P3 identify and describe the number of possible arrangements of several objects, using a tree diagram or the basic counting principle; make a list, picture, chart or tree diagram to represent a sample space

MA-8-DAP-S-P4 investigate counting techniques (e.g., networks)

MA-8-DAP-S-P5 investigate and explain the role of probability in everyday decision making

MA-8-DAP-S-P6 explore concepts of randomness and independent events

MA-8-DAP-S-P7 determine theoretical (mathematical) probabilities (e.g., express probability as a ratio, decimal, percent, area model as appropriate for a given situation)

MA-8-DAP-S-P8 compare theoretical and experimental results and explain reasons why there might be differences

MA-8-AT-U-1 patterns, relations and functions are tools that help explain or predict real-world phenomena.

MA-8-AT-U-2 numerical patterns can be written as rules that generate the pattern.

MA-8-AT-S-PRF1 recognize, create and extend patterns (generalize the pattern by giving the rule for the nth term and explain the generalization)

MA-08-5.1.1a Students will use variables to describe numerical patterns based on arithmetic sequences in real-world and mathematical problems (e.g., f(N) = 2N + 3)

MA-8-AT-U-3 algebra represents mathematical situations and structures for analysis and problem solving.

MA-8-AT-S-VEO1 apply order of operations to evaluate and simplify algebraic expressions

MA-8-AT-S-VEO2 given a formula, substitute appropriate elements from a real-world or mathematical situation

MA-8-AT-S-EI1 use multiple representations to model and solve one- and two-variable linear equations

MA-8-AT-S-EI2 solve problems using formulas

MA-8-AT-S-EI3 investigate linear inequalities using a variety of methods and representations

MA-8-AT-U-4 real-world situations can be represented using mathematical models to analyze quantitative relationships.

MA-8-AT-S-VEO3 describe, define and provide examples of variables and expressions with a missing value based on real-world and/or mathematical situations

MA-8-AT-S-EI4 model and solve real-world problems with one- or two-step equations or inequalities (e.g., 4x + 2 = 22, x - 4 < - 60)

MA-08-5.1.2 Students will represent, analyze and generalize simple first and second degree relationships using tables, graphs, words and algebraic notations, and will apply the relationships to solve real-world and mathematical problems.

MA-8-AT-U-5 functions are used to analyze change in various contexts and model real-world phenomena.

MA-8-AT-S-PR3 organize input-output coordinate pairs into tables, plot points in all four quadrants of a coordinate (Cartesian) system/grid and interpret resulting patterns or trends using technology as appropriate

MA-8-AT-S-PRF5 graph linear functions in a four quadrant (Cartesian) system/grid and interpret the results, using technology as appropriate

MA-8-AT-S-PRF6 explain how change in the input affects change in the output (e.g., in d=rt, increasing the time (t) increases the distance (d))

MA-8-AT-U-6 functions can be written in words, in a symbolic sentence or in a table.

MA-8-AT-S-PRF2 represent, interpret and describe linear and simple quadratic functional relationships (input/output) through tables, graphs and symbolic rules

MA-8-AT-S-PRF4 interpret and explain relationships between tables, graphs, verbal rules and equations, using technology as appropriate

Kentucky Standards - Grade 8 Math